Page 74 - _21-0619 OK

The International Journal of the Royal Society of Thailand
Volume XII, 2020

Industry 3.0 occurred in the late 20 century, after the end of the two
th
world wars, and is characterized by a slowdown of industrialization and
technological advancement as compared to the previous periods, as well as by

the explosion of communications enabled through the development of satellite
and Internet technologies. It is also called the digital revolution.

Industry 4.0 is an abstract and complex term consisting of many
components when looking closely into our society and current digital trends.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industry_4.0)

Figure 1 From Industry 1.0 to Industry 4.0
(https://theaseanpost.com/article/can-industry-40-change-southeast-asias-manufacturing)

Thailand followed this concept, introducing Thailand 4.0 in 2016 (Thairath,
2020). Thailand 4.0 is an economic model that aims to unlock the country from
several economic challenges resulting from past economic development models
which placed emphasis on agriculture (Thailand 1.0), light industry (Thailand 2.0),

and advanced industry (Thailand 3.0). These challenges include “a middle-income
trap”, “an inequality trap”, and “an imbalanced trap”.

66 Thai Language 4.0

5/1/2565 BE 09:03
_21-0619(065-084)5.indd 66 5/1/2565 BE 09:03
_21-0619(065-084)5.indd 66