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The International Journal of the Royal Society of Thailand

Volume XVI-2024 (Special Issue)

The Khlong Si Supap above is paraphrased as below.

Many mountains are seen as an empty expanse of surrounded hills,
Hills filled with different minerals are overflowing,

Overflowing with many trees are abound,
Abound as a beautiful garden which invites everyone to enjoy watching.

These two styles of enhancing the melodious sounds and rhythm of Khlong Si Suphap
including emphasizing the meanings of words were first found in the composition of Kap

He poetry.
4. The evolution in the use of analogy.

It was interesting that King Rama VI used new analogy in his Kap He Ruea Yuk Mai.
He compared his wavering heart shaken by the thought of home and his beloved with a raft

that was swaying by the waves. He compared the seagulls with his beloved and decided that
his beloved’s smooth skin was more beautiful than that of the bird. He also compared the

seagull with an aircraft flying in surveillance to defend the country from its enemies. All these
comparisons had never been used before in any Kap He.

5. The evolution of the purpose of composing Kap He poetry.
It was obvious that King Rama VI had created Kap He Ruea Yuk Mai to to instill in the

Thai people a sense of patriotism. He also persuaded them to understand that it was necessary
to have a strong naval force to protect the country from enemies. The output he desired was to

ask the public to become a member of the Royal Navy Association and donate money to buy
a new warship, named beforehand by himself as “Ruea Rop Phra Ruang”. Notably, this work

infused political purpose, promoting patriotism and military funding for naval defense. This was
different from that in other Kap He Poem that was meant for personal purposes.

Conclusion

The evolution of Kap He poetry under the Chakri kings demonstrates their literary mastery
and contribution to Thai language and literature. King Rama II innovative effort was made by way

of integrating personal emotions and a structured thematic unity into Kap He Chom Khrueang
Khao Wan. King Rama V expanded the subject matter and refined his poetic techniques like

Konlabot Butsabong Yaem Phaka and Konlabot Rak Roi in his Kap He Chom Chom. King Rama VI
modernized Kap He poetry by broadening its themes, incorporating nationalist ideals, and using

more complex literary devices including new forms of analogy in Kap He poetry. These royal
compositions have profoundly influenced Thai literature and remain invaluable in the study of

Kap He poetry and its development.

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