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The International Journal of the Royal Society of Thailand

Volume XVI-2024 (Special Issue)

King Rama V (1868–1910)

King Rama V, one of Thailand’s most revered monarchs, played a crucial role in further
modernizing and internationalizing Thai performing arts. His reign marked a shift from traditional

patronage theatre to the beginning of commercial theatre, setting a new trajectory for the

arts in Thailand. King Rama V was exposed to Western culture during his travels to Europe,
and upon his return, he implemented various reforms that blended Western influences with
traditional Thai practices. While King Rama V embraced some Western theatrical techniques

and innovations, he ensured that traditional forms like Khon and Lakon remained central to

Thai culture. Under King Rama V’s leadership, the performing arts flourished both in the royal
court and within the broader public sphere. Moving beyond exclusive patronage, he supported
the establishment of public theaters, where performances could be enjoyed by the general

populace, democratizing access to the arts and fostering a new, public-driven cultural scene.

He introduced Western-style plays and musical performances, which were staged alongside
traditional Thai dramas, creating a fusion that marked a significant evolution in Thai theatre.
By embracing commercial venues, Thailand took strides toward a performing arts culture that

balanced modernization with the preservation of its rich cultural heritage.

King Rama VI (1910–1925)
King Rama VI, known for his deep commitment to the arts, played an influential role

in both preserving and innovating Thai performing arts. His reign was characterized by a balance

of cultural conservation and creative exploration. While he emphasized the preservation of
traditional Thai performance forms, he also encouraged the adoption of Western theatrical styles,
ushering in an era where Thai and Western performances could coexist and inspire each other.

One of his most notable contributions was his personal involvement in the arts. Remarkably,

King Rama VI not only supported theatrical development but also took on roles as a performer
himself, a significant departure from traditional royal practices. This personal engagement with
theater highlighted his dedication to bringing fresh perspectives to Thai drama. He also created

original performances that reflected contemporary themes, expanding the scope of Thai

theater and making it more accessible and relatable to the public interest. King Rama VI,
a playwright himself, contributed to the development of modern Thai theater. His reign saw
the establishment of formal institutions for the arts, which provided training for performers

and ensured the continued relevance of traditional Thai dance and drama.

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