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The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand Volume II - 2010 Sobha Spielmann 15 for that goal to be accomplished? This points towards the need for motivating all its citizens to engage in realizing the vision of non-violence and thus work for peace. Or, at the very least, these need to give their tacit consent and assurance to desisting from acting as ‘spoilers’. Inclusion and integration, non-violence and peace are dependent upon a positive sentiment towards fusing a society with its values and goals as its guiding factors. Building Trust In order to reach the active participation of a majority amongst the (local) people, a consensus, in a conflict-prone area and where trust needs to be built (or rebuilt) and suspicion, distrust or hatred diminished, the circle of vengeance and revenge be ended. Trust, like faith, is a matter of (personal) perception and so is distrust and suspicion. Trust is then a consequence of a policy of respect, tolerance, solidarity and consensus. Commonly, those on the other side of power and authority experience the more negative setbacks or sentiments. To restore their belief and trust into the system requires special efforts. To building trust amongst all or the majority of stakeholders is usually a tedious endeavour and a long term prospect. It needs constant and coordinated efforts of a great many, but can be destroyed in an instant by misdeeds or violence on the part of the deliberate actions of just a few or even by pure accident. Once trust as an institution is broken or faith is shattered, its restoration requires major efforts and much patience. Lessons from multicultural societies with a history of past conflicts, usually involves the restoration of a state of non-violence and this tends to be a lengthy process that requires patience and perseverance on the part of all the sides involved. It does not come easily nor can it be maintained on the ‘cheap’; instead, constant vigilance and active engagement on the side of the major stakeholders are required. Universally accepted instruments against which progress or otherwise, can be measured are as follows: Many of the most vital ingredients for avoiding friction and conflict as well as for building trust and reaching non-violence are contained in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights which Thailand endorsed as one of the first UN member states. The Act encourages the inclusion as well as improving the quality of life for the majority by asserting that the “recognition of human dignity of all people is the foundation of justice and peace in the world.” It proclaims four freedoms; freedom of speech, belief, freedom from want, and freedom from fear – which are “proclaimed as the highest aspiration” of the people. It underlines also