สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand Vol. 27 No. 2 Apr.-Jun. 2002 °“√À“¬„®§√—È ß·√°¢Õß™’ «‘ µ : °“√‡√‘Ë ¡ ¿“æ∫ÿ §§≈ ÛÚÚ Abstract The First Breath of Life : The Beginning of a Legal Person Burana Chavalittamrong*, Chakraphan Susiva # *Fellow, the Academy of Science, the Royal Institute, Thailand # Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand Immediately after exiting the uterus of its mother, an infant has to take its first breath to main- tain life. The first breath is induced by chemical stimulation, mechanical stimulation and thermal stimulation. Then, the separation of the newborn occurs and every system and organ is altered spontaneously. Legally, the process of birth comprises two parts: exiting the womb, and exhibiting vital signs such as a beating heart, spontaneous body movement and breathing. If the newborn does not breathe, he or she would be revived by the administration of oxygen and all methods of resusci- tation to establish the first breath. Thus, from the moment the infant begins to breathe it starts to develop a personality and is considered to have certain legal rights as a person. Key words : first breath, legal person Ù. ∫Ÿ √≥– ™«≈‘ µ∏”√ß. °“√À“¬„®§√— È ß·√°¢Õß ™’ «‘ µ. „π: ¡™— ¬ ∫«√°‘ µµ‘ (∫√√≥“∏‘ °“√). Õÿ √‡«™ª√‘ ∑√√»πå √–∫∫°“√À“¬„®. °∑¡.: ‚√ßæ‘ ¡æå ‰∑¬‡¢…¡; ÚıÚ Àπâ “ ˆˆÚ-˜Ò. ı. ¡πµ√’ µŸ â ®‘ π¥“, ÿ ª√’ ¥“ À— æπ“ππ∑å , ∫Ÿ √≥– ™«≈‘ µ∏”√ß. ‚√§√–∫∫°“√À“¬„®„π«— ¬‡¥Á °. „π: ¡™— ¬ ∫«√°‘ µµ‘ (∫√√≥“∏‘ °“√). Õÿ √- ‡«™ª√‘ ∑√√»πå √–∫∫°“√À“¬„®. °∑¡.: ‚√ß æ‘ ¡æå ‰∑¬‡¢…¡; ÚıÚ Àπâ “ ˆ¯Û-¯Ùˆ. ˆ. «‘ ±Ÿ √¬å Õ÷ È ßª√–æ— π∏å . °“√‡°‘ ¥, °“√µ“¬ °— ∫ °ÆÀ¡“¬. „π: π‘ µ‘ ‡«™»“ µ√å æ‘ ¡æå §√—È ß∑’Ë 5. °∑¡.: ∫√‘ …— ∑ ª√–™“™π ®”°— ¥; ÚıÛÚ Àπâ “ Ú˘˜-ÛÒˆ. ˜. «‘ ¡≈√— µπå °√— ¬«‘ ‡™’ ¬√. Ÿ µ‘ »“ µ√å º‘ ¥ª°µ‘ (§«“¡º‘ ¥ª°µ‘ ∑“ß Ÿ µ‘ »“ µ√å „π√–¬–µ—È ß§√√¿å 28 — ª¥“Àå ·√°). „π: Ÿ µ‘ »“ µ√å π√’ ‡«™«‘ ∑¬“. °∑¡.: ‚√ßæ‘ ¡æå ®ÿ Ó≈ß°√≥å ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬; ÚıÚÚ Àπâ “ ÒÚ˘-Û¯. ¯. ∏’ √–æ√ «ÿ ≤¬«π‘ ™. °“√·∑â ß. „π: ∏’ √–æ√ «ÿ ≤¬«π‘ ™, ∏’ √– ∑Õß ß, ®µÿ æ≈ »√’ ¡∫Ÿ √≥å (∫√√≥“∏‘ °“√). Ÿ µ‘ »“ µ√å (¿“§«‘ ™“ Ÿ µ‘ »“ µ√å ·≈–π√’ ‡«™«‘ ∑¬“ ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬ ‡™’ ¬ß„À¡à ). ‚§√ß°“√µ”√“ ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬ ‡™’ ¬ß„À¡à ; ÚıÛı Àπâ “ ÒÙı-ıÒ.