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The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand Vol. 27 No. 2 Apr.-Jun. 2002 ¡“≈“‡√’ ¬„πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬„πÕ¥’ µ ÙÙ malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1994; 50: 784-9. Ò˜. »√™— ¬ À≈Ÿ Õ“√’ ¬å ÿ «√√≥, æ≈√— µπå «‘ ‰≈√— µπå , «— ™√’ ‚™§®‘ 𥓙— ¬, °Õ∫»‘ √‘ ‡©≈‘ ¡√— ∞, Wernsdorfer W, Gemperli B, ·≈– §≥–. A randomized, double-blind, comparative trial of a new oral com- bination of artemether and benflumetol (CGP 56697) with mefloquine in the treatment of acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 60: 238-43. Ò¯. »√™— ¬ À≈Ÿ Õ“√’ ¬å ÿ «√√≥, æ≈√— µπå «‘ ‰≈√— µπå , «— ™√’ ‚™§®‘ 𥓙— ¬, æ√√≥‡æÁ ≠ «‘ √‘ ¬‡«™°ÿ ≈, »√’ «‘ ™“ §√ÿ ± Ÿ µ√, ª√–µ“ª ‘ ßÀ»‘ «“ππ∑å , three different dihydroarte-misinin formulations for the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Thailand. Int J Parasitol 1998; 28: 1213-8. ÚÒ. æ≈√— µπå «‘ ‰≈√— µπå , »√’ «‘ ™“ §√ÿ ± Ÿ µ√, «— ™√’ ‚™§®‘ 𥓙— ¬, «≈— ¬ ∫ÿ …√“∑‘ ®, Õÿ ¥¡»— °¥‘ Ï »‘ ≈“®”√Ÿ ≠, æ√√≥‡æÁ ≠ «‘ √‘ ¬‡«™°ÿ ≈, ·≈– §≥–. A clinical trial of combination of artesunate and mefloquine in the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria: a short and prac- tical regimen. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1998; 29: 696- 701. ·≈–§≥–. Research on new antima- larial drugs and the use of drugs in combination at the Bangkok Hospi- tal for Tropical Diseases. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1998; 29: 344-54. Ò˘. æ≈√— µπå «‘ ‰≈√— µπå , æ√√≥‡æÁ ≠ «‘ √‘ ¬‡«™°ÿ ≈, »√™— ¬ À≈Ÿ Õ“√’ ¬å ÿ «√√≥, ·∑π ®ß»ÿ ¿™— ¬ ‘ ∑∏‘Ï . Artesunate suppositories: an effective treatment for severe falciparum ma- laria in rural areas. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1997; 91: 891-6. Ú. æ≈√— µπå «‘ ‰≈√— µπå , æ√‡∑æ ®— π∑«“π‘ ™, ª√–µ“ª ‘ ßÀ»‘ «“ππ∑å , ¡∫— µ‘ µ√’ - ª√–‡ √‘ ∞ ÿ ¢, »√’ «‘ ™“ §√ÿ ± Ÿ µ√, °Õ∫»‘ √‘ ‡©≈‘ ¡√— ∞, ·≈–§≥–. A comparison of Abstract Malaria in Thailand in Former Times Polrat Wilairatana, Sornchai Looareesuwan Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand Malaria has existed in Thailand for a long time. Malaria is a tropical disease and, since antiq- uity, Thailand has had forests in which the malaria vector, the Anopheles mosquito, has lived. Ma- laria in Thailand was first documented during the reign of King Narai of Ayuthaya (BE 2203-2230). Today, malaria remains an important health problem in Thailand: there are many cases and many fatalities every year, which impose an economic burden of some 2 billion Baht per year on the coun- try. Multidrug-resistant malaria is also an important problem in the country, thus, new effective antimalarials need to be developed to address the problem. Keywords : malaria, Thailand, former times