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«“√ “√ √“™∫— ≥±‘µ¬ ∂“π ªï ∑’Ë Ú˜ ©∫— ∫∑’Ë Û °.§.-°.¬. ÚıÙı Õ“ππ∑å ∫ÿ ≥¬–√— µ‡«™ ˆ˘Ò G, et al. Tissue-engineered vascular autograft: inferior vena cava replace- ment in a dog model. Tissue Eng 2001; 7: 429-39. Ò¯. Fabiani JN, Dreyfus GD, Marchand M, Jourdan J, Aupart M, Latremouille C, et al. The autologous tissue car- diac valve: a new paradigm for heart valve replacement. Ann Thorac Surg 1995; 60: 189-94. Ò˘. Woerly S, Plant GW, Harvey AR. Neural tissue engineering: from poly- mer to biohybrid organs. Biomaterials 1996; 17: 301-10. Ú. De Bartolo L, Bader A. Review of a flat membrane bioreactor as a bioartificial liver. Ann Transplant 2001; 6: 40-6. ÚÒ. Cui W, Kim DH, Imamura M, Hyon SH, Inoue K. Tissue-engineered pan- creatic islets: culturing rat islets in the chitosan sponge. Cell Transplant 2001; 10: 499-502. ÚÚ. Germain L, Auger FA, Grandbois E, Guignard R, Giasson M, Boisjoly H, et al. Reconstructed human cornea produced in vitro by tissue engineer- ing. Pathobiology 1999; 67:140-7. ÚÛ. Yoo JJ, Atala A. Tissue engineering applications in the genitourinary tract system. Yonsei Med J 2000; 41: 789- 802. ÚÙ. Õ“ππ∑å ∫ÿ ≥¬–√— µ‡«™, »‘ ≈“Õ“ πå M, ∫ÿ ≥¬–√— µ‡«™ P. Imitation of bone mar- row condition by using peripheral blood cell culture. Engineering Tis- sue Growth International Conference and Exposition, Pittsburgh, March 26-29, 2001. Úı. Õ“ππ∑å ∫ÿ ≥¬–√— µ‡«™. ∏𓧓√Õ«— ¬«–, ‚§≈ππ‘Ë ß‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ –∑â “π‚≈°. ¡Ÿ ≈π‘ ∏‘ ∫— ≥±‘ µ¬ ¿“, «∑™ ÚıÙÙ: ˜˘-˘ı. Abstract Human Tissue Engineering for Humanity: A Model for Creating Blood Vessels Ahnond Bunyaratvej Associate Member, the Academy of Science, the Royal Institute, Thailand Tissue engineering has the potential to solve the transplantation crisis due to the shortage of donor tissues and organs. Human tissues or organs, which are hopelessly damaged or diseased, will be replaced in the future. Then it may be possible to extend human life owing to the abundant supply of tissue or organ spare parts. Human hearts are in the process of being “manufactured” in the laboratory in the United States and may become wider available by the year 2010. Not only the heart but also many other organs are in the process of tissue engineering including soft tissue, bone, cartilage, cardiac valves, nerve, liver and pancreas. In Thailand, the first research on tissue engineer- ing has been carried out for making blood vessels. Endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells have been grown in the laboratory. The cells were stimulated for cell proliferation using cell interaction with an extracellular matrix or scaffold. Blood vessels created in the laboratory may be used for replacement in some diseases, for example, cardiovascular disease. Tissue engineering and related knowledge of stem cells and stem cell technology could be combined for the benefit of humans. There are two possibilities for using stem cells for tissue engineering: embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Adult stem cells are available from patients, whereas embryonic stem cells have to be created by cell cloning technology. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), one of the adult stem cells, are isolated fromhuman blood. MSC are stimulated to differentiate into endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Coculture of these two cell types in a matrix or scaffold device will be carried out for blood vessel formation. Tissue engineering of blood vessels will help patients by solving the prob- lem of human blood vessel supply. Tissue engineering is a challenging attempt of humans to ben- efit humanity. Key words : blood vessels, stem cells, tissue engineering