สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

«“√ “√ √“™∫— ≥±‘ µ¬ ∂“π ªï ∑’Ë Û ©∫— ∫∑’Ë Ò ¡.§.-¡’ .§. ÚıÙ¯ 21 π‘ æπ∏å ∑√“¬‡æ™√ 1 3 櫬°ä “´®“°º‘ «¢Õߥ«ßÕ“∑‘ µ¬å ¢≥–‡°‘ ¥ ÿ √‘ ¬ÿ ª√“§“‡µÁ ¡¥«ß ÒÒ ‘ ßÀ“§¡ ÚıÙÚ ∂à “¬‚¥¬ ¥√.»√— ≥¬å ‚ª…¬–®‘ 𥓠∑’Ë ∫Ÿ §“‡√ µå ª√–‡∑»‚√¡“‡π’ ¬ (øî ≈å ¡ Ú ‰Õ‡Õ ‚Õ ‡«≈“ Ò/ı «‘ π“∑’ ) ª√“°Ø°“√≥å ·À«π‡æ™√¢Õß ÿ √‘ ¬ÿ ª√“§“‡µÁ ¡ ¥«ß ÒÒ ‘ ßÀ“§¡ ÚıÙÚ ∑’Ë ∫Ÿ §“‡√ µå ª√–‡∑»‚√¡“‡π’ ¬ ∂à “¬‚¥¬ ¥√.»√— ≥¬å ‚ª…¬–®‘ 𥓠¥«ß®— π∑√å — ¡º— ∑’Ë Û ‡¡◊Ë Õ‡«≈“ ÒÙ:¯ π. (øî ≈å ¡øŸ ®‘ ´Ÿ æ’ ‡√’ ¬ Ú ‰Õ‡Õ ‚Õ ‡ªî ¥Àπâ “°≈â Õß Ò/ı «‘ π“∑’ ) §Õ‚√π“ ¢Õß ÿ √‘ ¬ÿ ª√“§“‡µÁ ¡¥«ß ÒÒ ‘ ßÀ“§¡ ÚıÙÚ ∑’Ë ∫Ÿ §“‡√ µå ª√–‡∑»‚√¡“‡π’ ¬ ∂à “¬ ‚¥¬ ¥√.»√— ≥¬å ‚ª…¬–®‘ 𥓠(øî ≈å ¡ Ú ‰Õ‡Õ ‚Õ ‡«≈“ Ò/Ú «‘ π“∑’ °≈â Õß Meade ETX 90/EC ∑’Ë f/13.8) ÿ √‘ ¬ÿ ª√“§“‡µÁ ¡ ¥«ß‡°‘ ¥π“π Ú π“∑’ ÚÚ «‘ π“∑’ Abstract Total Solar Eclipse on August 18, 1868 : A Brief Report by French Astronomers and Solar Eclipse Saros Number 133. Nibondh Saibejra Fellow of the Academy of Science, The Royal Institute, Thailand The solar eclipse that was seen on Earth on August 18, 1868 was one of a family of eclipse known as saros number 133. Each eclipse in the family occurs when the Moon is at a descending node. A saros spans 6,585.321 days (about 18 years 10 days). The first solar eclipse of saros number 133 began near the North Pole. On April 30, 1688 the eclipse became total that could be seen in China, but was partial eclipse seen in Thailand by King Narai the Great at Lop Buri. 180 years later, the eclipse became total on August 18, 1868 that could be seen in many countries including Thailand. King Rama who calculated the eclipse went to observe the great event at Wha Kor in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province. The French astronomers led by M. Stephan were permitted to study the eclipse at Wha Tone which was about one kilometer South of Wha Kor. The French observations included timing each contact using telescopes, spectroscopic studying of the Sun prominences and corona appearance. M. Stephan reported that the totality started at 11 hour 39 minute 23.45 second and ended at 11 hour 46 minute 9.1 second giving 6 minutes 45.65 seconds in totality time. Their studies confirmed that prominences were from the sun. For the white solar corona, it was going out a long way from the Sun in four directions which were closely related to what was coming out from the surface of the Sun. Key words : solar eclipse, saros number 133, corona, Wha Kor, ascending node, King Rama , M. Stephan IV IV