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«“√ “√ √“™∫— ≥±‘ µ¬ ∂“π ªï ∑’Ë Û ©∫— ∫∑’Ë Ò ¡.§.-¡’ .§. ÚıÙ¯ 135 Sid Terason tion were not as popular as in the past. Simultaneously, researchers sought to keep pace with an expanding field. As a result, students can now find research summaries in handbooks of interpersonal communication, organizational communication, and communication science, or consult entries in the four-volume Encyclopedia of Communications 4 . Gleaned from articles from communication-related journals, Griffin (2002) suggested trends in communication study as follows: 1. More interest in cultural studies and critical theory. 2. Increasinguse of ethnography. For example, media analysts are more interested in interpreting message content than analyzing it. 3. Attempts to understand the cognitive processes in communica- tion that guidecommunicationbehavior. 4. While persuasion and group behavior were topics of the past, today’s focus is on interpersonal relationships. 5. Diverse interests and research agendaswithin the fieldof communica- tion. At present, the study of communication needs to be more unified and focused. The scholastic community needs to seek self- identity. Oftentimes, communication majors take a cafeteria-style learning approach-without mastering a common core of knowledge. The study of communication branched out to different subfields and the field evolved into a mixture of the humanities and sciences. However, the study of theory and research takes one approach or the other but seldom blends the two. The disagreement between behavioral scientists and rhetoricians contributes to frag- mentation in the field. Even though communication research and rheto- rical study markedly differ, each still holds an important place within our discipline. We must use our judgment in selecting an appropriate approach to evaluate an empirical or a rhetor- ical theory. References Berlo, D. (1960). Process of communication: An introduction to theory and practice. New York: Thomson Learning. Dance, F., & Larson, C. (1976). The functions of human communication: A theoretical approach. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Delia, J. (1987). Communication research: A history. In C. Berger & S. Chaffee (Eds.), Handbook of communication science (pp. 20-98). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Frey, L. R., Botan, C. H., & Kreps, G. L. (2002). Investigating communication: An introduction to research method (2 nd ed.). New York: Allyn & Bacon. Griffin, E. (2002). A first look at communication theory (5 th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Knapp, M., Miller, G., & Fudge, K. (1994). Background and current trends in the study of interpersonal communication. In M. Knapp, & G. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of interpersonal communication (pp. 7-24). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Robinson, G. (1988). Here be dragons: Problems in charting the U.S. history of communication studies. Communication, 10, 97-119. Rogers, E. (1994). A history of communication study. New York: Free Press. Rowland, W. (1988). Recreating the past: Dilemmas in rewriting the history of communication research. Communication, 10, 121-140. Wood, J. (2004). Communication theories in action: An introduction (3 th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. 4 Awidely regarded authority in the filed of communication - International Encyclopedia of Communications - Compiled in 1989 by Barnouw, Gerbner, Schramm, et al.