สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

«“√ “√ √“™∫— ≥±‘ µ¬ ∂“π ªï ∑’Ë Û ©∫— ∫∑’Ë Ú ‡¡.¬.-¡‘ .¬. ÚıÙ¯ 371 «∑— ≠êŸ √Õ¥ª√–æ— ≤πå ·≈–§≥– µ“¡Õÿ ≥À¿Ÿ ¡‘ Õ∫·Àâ ß∑’Ë ‡æ‘Ë ¡¢÷È π à «π ¡∫— µ‘ §«“¡Àπ◊ ¥¢Õß·ªÑ ß ¡’ §à “ peak viscosity ·≈–§à “ final viscosity ≈¥µË ” ≈ß ‡¡◊Ë Õ‡∑’ ¬∫°— ∫¢â “«Õâ “ßÕ‘ ß ·≈–¡’ ·π« ‚πâ ¡≈¥≈ßµ“¡Õÿ ≥À¿Ÿ ¡‘ Õ∫·Àâ ß∑’Ë ‡æ‘Ë ¡ ¢÷È π ‡æ√“–«à “¢â “«∑’Ë ºà “π°“√Õ∫·Àâ ߥ⠫¬ ‰ÕπÈ ”√â Õ𬫥¬‘Ë ß‡°‘ ¥°“√‡®≈“∑‘ ‰π´å ¡“·≈â « °“√Õ∫·Àâ ߢ⠓«‡ª≈◊ Õ°·∫∫ ø≈Ÿ Õ‘ ‰¥´å ‡∫¥¥â «¬‰ÕπÈ ”√â Õ𬫥¬‘Ë ß “¡“√∂≈¥§«“¡™◊È π¢â “«‡ª≈◊ Õ°®“° √â Õ¬≈– ÛÒ.Û ¡“µ√∞“π‡ªï ¬° ‡À≈◊ Õ √â Õ¬≈– Ò˜.˘ ¡“µ√∞“π‡ªï ¬° „π¢—È π µÕπ°“√Õ∫·Àâ ßπ’È πÕ°®“°®–≈¥§«“¡ ™◊È π¢â “«‡ª≈◊ Õ°≈߉¥â ·≈â « ¬— ß∑”„Àâ ·ªÑ ß „π‡¡≈Á ¥¢â “«‡ª≈◊ Õ°‡°‘ ¥°“√‡®≈“∑‘ ‰π´å ‰¥â ¥â «¬ ¥— ßπ—È π ®÷ ß “¡“√∂√«¡°“√π÷Ë ß ·≈–Õ∫·Àâ ß„Àâ Õ¬Ÿà „π¢—È πµÕπ‡¥’ ¬«°— π‰¥â °“√√«¡¢—È πµÕπ¥— ß°≈à “«π’È ¡’ º≈∑”„Àâ ≈¥µâ π∑ÿ π·≈–√–¬–‡«≈“„π°“√º≈‘ µ¢â “« π÷Ë ß≈߉¥â ¡“° ‡¡◊Ë Õ‡ª√’ ¬∫‡∑’ ¬∫°— ∫√–∫∫ °“√º≈‘ µ¢â “«π÷Ë ß „π‡ ™‘ ßæ“≥‘ ™¬å ®– “¡“√∂≈¥¢—È πµÕπ„π√–∫∫°“√º≈‘ µ ¢â “«π÷Ë ß≈߉¥â À≈“¬¢—È πµÕπ §◊ Õ °“√π÷Ë ß °“√Àÿ ∫‡ª≈◊ Õ° ‡§√◊Ë ÕßÕ∫·Àâ ßø≈Ÿ Õ‘ ‰¥´å ‡∫¥‚¥¬„™â Õ“°“»√â Õπ Ú ‡§√◊Ë Õß °“√ ‡°Á ∫„π∑’Ë Õ— ∫Õ“°“»·≈–°“√‡ªÉ “¥â «¬ Õ“°“»·«¥≈â Õ¡ ·≈–‡µ“‡º“·°≈∫ ·∫∫‰´‚§≈𠧓¥«à “√–∫∫„À¡à ∑’Ë „™â ‡§√◊Ë ÕßÕ∫·Àâ ßø≈Ÿ Õ‘ ‰¥´å ‡∫¥¥â «¬‰ÕπÈ ” √â Õ𬫥¬‘Ë ß∑’Ë π”‡ πÕ®– “¡“√∂≈¥ µâ π∑ÿ π„π°“√º≈‘ µ¢â “«π÷Ë ß≈߉¥â ¡“° ·≈–≈¥‡«≈“„π°“√º≈‘ µ¢â “«π÷Ë ß≈߉¥â Õ¬à “ßµË ” Û-Ù ™—Ë «‚¡ß ı. °‘ µµ‘ °√√¡ª√–°“» ºŸâ ‡¢’ ¬π„§√à ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ ≥ ”π— °ß“π °Õß∑ÿ π π— ∫ πÿ π°“√«‘ ®— ¬∑’Ë „Àâ ∑ÿ π π— ∫ πÿ π°“√«‘ ®— ¬ ∂“∫— π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ √“™¡ß§≈§≈ÕßÀ°„Àâ §«“¡Õπÿ ‡§√“–Àå „π°“√∑¥ Õ∫§«“¡·¢Á ß (hardness) ¢Õߢ⠓« »Ÿ π¬å «‘ ®— ¬¢â “«ª∑ÿ ¡∏“π’ „Àâ §«“¡ Õπÿ ‡§√“–Àå „π°“√∑¥ Õ∫§«“¡¢“« ∫√‘ …— ∑‰√â ´å ‡ÕÁ π®‘ ‡π’ ¬√‘Ë ß ´— ææ≈“¬ ®”°— ¥ „Àâ §«“¡™à «¬‡À≈◊ Õ‡√◊Ë Õß§à “„™â ®à “¬·≈– Õ”π«¬§«“¡ –¥«°„π°“√ √â “ß·≈– ∑¥ Õ∫‡§√◊Ë ÕßÕ∫·Àâ ßµâ π·∫∫ ∂“∫— π §â π§«â “·≈–æ— ≤π“º≈‘ µ¿— ≥±å Õ“À“√ ·≈–»Ÿ π¬å ‡§√◊Ë Õß¡◊ Õ°≈“ß ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬ ‡°…µ√»“ µ√å „Àâ §«“¡Õπÿ ‡§√“–Àå „™â ‡§√◊Ë Õß«— ¥§«“¡Àπ◊ ¥ (RVA) °≈â Õß Õ‘ ‡≈Á °µ√Õπ·∫∫ à Õß°√“¥ (SEM) ‚√ß ’ ¢â “«‡µ’ ¬„®â Œß ‚√ß ’ ¢â “«π§√À≈«ß ·≈– ‚√ß ’ ¢â “«∑ÕßÕπ— πµå „Àâ §«“¡™à «¬‡À≈◊ Õ „π¥â “π¢â “«‡ª≈◊ Õ°∑’Ë ºà “π°“√·™à ·≈â « ·≈–„Àâ §«“¡√Ÿâ ·≈–§”·π–π”∑’Ë ‡ªì π ª√–‚¬™πå ¬‘Ë ß‡°’Ë ¬«°— ∫°“√º≈‘ µ¢â “«π÷Ë ß µ≈Õ¥®π„Àâ §«“¡™à «¬‡À≈◊ Õ„π°“√µ‘ ¥ µ—È ß‡§√◊Ë ÕßÕ∫·Àâ ßµâ π·∫∫Õ∫·Àâ ߢ⠓« π÷Ë ß·∫∫ø≈Ÿ Õ‘ ‰¥´å ‡∫¥‚¥¬„™â ‰ÕπÈ ”√â Õ𠬫¥¬‘Ë ß ‡Õ° “√Õâ “ßÕ‘ ß 1. Taweerattanapanish A, Soponronnarit S, Wetchacama S, Kongseri N, Wongpiyachon S. Effect of Drying on Rice Yield Using Fluidization Technique. Drying Technology, 1999; 17 (1&2) : 345-353. 2. Taechapairoj C, Dhuchakallaya I, Sopon- ronnarit S, Wetchacama S, Prachaya- warakorn S. Superheated Steam Fluidized Bed Paddy Drying. Journal of Food En- gineering, 2003; 58 : 67-73. 3. Rordprapat W, Soponronarit S, Natha- karanakule A, Tia W. Comparative Study of Fluidized Bed Paddy Drying Using Hot Air and Superheated Steam. Proceeding of the International Conference on Innovations in Food Processing Technology and En- gineering. AIT, Bangkok Thailand, 2002; 453-466. 4. AACC. Approved method of the American Association of Cereal Chemist 9 th ed., 1995; St. Paul, MN : AACC. 5. Rordprapat W, Nathakaranakule A, Tia W, Soponronarit S. Effect of Soaking Time and Drying Media on Qualities of Paddy Dried by Fluidization Technique. Proceed- ing of the 3 rd Asia-Pacific Drying Con- ference, AIT, Bangkok Thailand, 2003; 453-466. 6. Sabularse V C, Luizzo JA, Rao RM, Groder RM. Cooking Quality Brown Rice as Influenced by Gramma Irradiation. Variety and Storage, Journal Food Science, 1991. 7. Banjong K. A Back Extrusion Tester for Evaluation Cooked Rice Texture. Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis. No. AE 86-20. Bangkok Thailand. 1986. 8. Taechapairoj C, Soponronnarit S, Pracha- yawarakorn S. Characteristics of Parboiled Rice in Superheated Steam Fluidized Bed Dryer. Proceeding of the International Conference on Innovations in Food Process- ing Technology and Engineering, AIT, Bangkok Thailand, 2002; 453-466. 9. πÈ ”Ωπ »’ µ–®‘ µµå ·≈–Õ√Õπߧå π— ¬«‘ °ÿ ≈. °√–∫«π°“√º≈‘ µ¢â “«π÷Ë ß√–¥— ∫Àâ Õߪؑ ∫— µ‘ °“√. °“√ª√–™ÿ ¡«‘ ™“°“√¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬‡°…µ√»“ µ√å § √—È ß ∑’Ë ÙÒ ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬‡°…µ√»“ µ√å «‘ ∑¬“‡¢µ∫“߇¢π. ÚıÙˆ; Ûˆ-ÙÙ.