สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

«“√ “√ √“™∫— ≥±‘ µ¬ ∂“π ªï ∑’Ë Û ©∫— ∫∑’Ë Û °.§.-°.¬. ÚıÙ¯ 649 π‘ ¿“ ®√Ÿ ≠‡« ¡å Abstract Blood Pressure Regulation in Normal Human Nibha Jaroonvesama Associate Fellow of the Academy of Science, The Royal Institute, Thailand The blood pressure in normal human is usually not steady. It is changed to be high and low blood pressure by environmental factors such as mental stress, pain, hot and cold weather etc, but it can spon- taneously return to normal again under body regulation. The regulation of blood pressure to normal is regulated by (1) nervous system (2) encompasses kidney and (3) endocrine gland. Regulation by nervous system (1) sympathetic nerve (2) baroreceptor reflex and vasomotor centre (3) central nervous system ischemic response. The regulation by kidney is done by renin-angiotensin vasoconstrictor mechanism and by extracellular fluid volume and autoregulation. Endocrine gland regulates blood pressure by the cortex of adrenal gland which secretes aldosterone and by adrenal medulla which secretes norepine- phrine and other catecholamines. Key words : blood pressure, regulation ‰¥â ¡’ °“√∑¥≈Õß„π§π∑’Ë æŸ ¥„π∑’Ë ª√–™ÿ ¡ ‚¥¬µ‘ ¥‡§√◊Ë Õß«— ¥§«“¡¥— π‡≈◊ Õ¥ ‰«â °— ∫µ— «ºŸâ æŸ ¥·≈–∫— π∑÷ °§«“¡¥— π‡≈◊ Õ¥ µ≈Õ¥‡«≈“∑’Ë ª√–™ÿ ¡ ®–‡ÀÁ π‰¥â «à “‡¡◊Ë Õ‡√‘Ë ¡ ¡’ °“√ª√–™ÿ ¡§«“¡¥— π‡≈◊ Õ¥®–§à Õ¬ Ê Ÿ ß ¢÷È π®“° ÒÛ ¡‘ ≈≈‘ ‡¡µ√ª√Õ∑ ‡ªì π Òˆ ¡‘ ≈≈‘ ‡¡µ√ª√Õ∑ ·≈–‡¡◊Ë Õµâ ÕßæŸ ¥§«“¡ ¥— π‡≈◊ Õ¥ Ÿ ߢ÷È π∂÷ ß Ò¯ ¡‘ ≈≈‘ ‡¡µ√ª√Õ∑ ‡¡◊Ë ÕÀ¬ÿ ¥æŸ ¥·≈â «§«“¡¥— π‡≈◊ Õ¥®–§à Õ¬Ê ≈¥≈ߥ— ß· ¥ß„π√Ÿ ª · ¥ß«à “§«“¡‡§√’ ¬¥ ¡’ º≈∑”„Àâ §«“¡¥— π‡≈◊ Õ¥ Ÿ ߢ÷È π ¥— ß√Ÿ ª ∑’Ë Û.Û √ÿ ª °“√§«∫§ÿ ¡§«“¡¥— π‡≈◊ Õ¥ „π§πª√°µ‘ ‰¡à „Àâ Ÿ ßÀ√◊ ÕµË ”§ß∑’Ë ∑”‰¥â ‚¥¬√–∫∫ª√– “∑ ‰µ ·≈–µà Õ¡‰√â ∑à Õ ¥— ß°≈à “«·≈â « ‡Õ° “√Õâ “ßÕ‘ ß Ò. Arthur C Guyton. Basic Principles of ar- terial pressure regulation. Textbook of Medical Physiology : 3 rd W.B. Saunders company, 1966. P.355-357. Ú. J.H. Green. Baroreceptor and vasomotor centre activity. An Introduction to Human Physiology : Oxford University Press, 1966. P.28-30. Û. Arthur C Guyton. Renal Regulation of arterial Pressure. Textbook of Medical Physiology : 3 rd ed. W.B. Saunders com- pany, 1966. P.358-360. Ù. Arthur C Guyton. Endocrine Factors in. Regulation of Arterial Pressure. Textbook of Medical Physiology 3 rd ed. W.B. Saunders company, 1966. P.361-362. ı. J.H. Green. The Heart and Circulation : The Circulation. An Introduction to Human Physiology : Oxford University Press, 1966. P.30.