สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand Vol. 30 No. 3 Jul.-Sep. 2005 724 The Role of Thai Energy Policy and Strategies in Sustainable Development 3) To promote the use of renew- able energy for heat generation via the establishment of minimum effi- ciency of the Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system, measures on biomass management in industrial factories, tax incentive for industries using biomass fuel, and legislative measures on wastewater treatment and waste disposal; 4) To support policy study and R&D on renewable energy of which Thailand has high potential, such as solar, micro-hydropower and bio- mass energy; and 5) To continue carrying out pub- lic relations work to create positive attitude and correct understanding of renewable energy use. • Promotion of Biofuels In order to cope with the un- Figure 3 Solar for Roof Top for Department Store stable supply of world crude oil and oil price fluctuation, many countries are trying to search for alternative fuels to reduce the heavy reliance on petroleum fuels, partially or entirely. Under the strategic plan for new&renewable energy develop- ment, measures have been initiated to promote the biofuel development, particularly ethanol and biodiesel. By the year 2011, a target has been set to make use of oil plants, alcohol or used cooking oil, via an appropri- ate production process, to produce an oil additive or to replace diesel and gasoline consumption. • Gasohol For gasohol, the strategic plan aims to utilize 4.0 million litres of gasohol per day, or a half of gasoline 95 consumption to blend with gaso- line at 10% ratio in 2005. In Addi- tion, gasohol 95 stations will be expanded from 800 to 4,000 stations by the end of the same year. Impor- tantly, as from 1 January 2007, gasohol 95 will be distributed nation- wide and gasoline 95 will be removed from the market. A pilot product, gasohol 95 (or the so-called “E-10”), which is the mixture of gasohol and Octane 91 gasoline at a ratio of 1 to 9, has been introduced into the Thai market. In order to promote greater production and use of gasohol, the government has exempted the excise tax imposed on the 10% ethanol mixed with gasoline. This makes the price of gasohol cheaper than the price of Octane 95 gasoline (currently it is 1.50 baht lower per litre), which will induce consumers to use gasohol instead of gasoline. Other major supportive mea- sures include: - to reduce/exempt the contri- bution rates to the Oil Fund and the Energy Conservation Promotion Fund; - to establish the gasohol specifications; - to support R&D related to ethanol production and utilization; - to phase out the use of MTBE in octane 95 gasoline by 2006; and - to encourage the govern- ment vehicle fleets to use gasohol as the priority fuel option. • Biodiesel For biodiesel, the target is to replace 10% of diesel consumption