สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand Vol. 31 No. 2 Apr.-Jun. 2006 æ√–√“™“Õ”π“®·≈–Õ”π“® æ√–√“™“Õ”π“®·≈–Õ”π“®„π ¡— ¬µâ π√— µπ‚° ‘ π∑√å 626 ∫∑§«“¡ π‘ ∏‘ ‡Õ’ ¬«»√’ «ß»å . çª√–«— µ‘ »“ µ√å √— µπ‚° ‘ π∑√å „πæ√–√“™æß»“«¥“√Õ¬ÿ ∏¬“é. „π √«¡ ª“∞°∂“®“° ¡“§¡ — ߧ¡»“ µ√å ·Àà ß ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬. °√ÿ ߇∑æœ : ‚√ßæ‘ ¡æå ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬∏√√¡»“ µ√å , ÚıÚÒ. _____. ç«— ≤π∏√√¡°√–Ƹ ¡æ’ °— ∫«√√≥°√√¡ µâ π√— µπ‚° ‘ π∑√å é „π ª“°‰°à ·≈–„∫‡√◊ Õ. °√ÿ ߇∑æœ : ·æ√« ”π— °æ‘ ¡æå , ÚıÛ¯. «‘ ∑¬“ ÿ ®√‘ µ∏π“√— °…å . 秫“¡§‘ ¥‡°’Ë ¬«°— ∫ Õ”π“®„π — ß§¡‰∑¬é — ¡¡π“„π ‰∑¬ »÷ °…“ ≥ »Ÿ π¬å “√π‘ ‡∑» ®ÿ Ó≈ß°√≥å ¡À“ «‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬ √–À«à “ß«— π∑’Ë Ò-ÒÒ µÿ ≈“§¡ æ.». ÚıÚÛ. ÿ π∑√’ Õ“ –‰«¬å . 纟â À≠‘ ß°— ∫Õ”π“®„πª√–- «— µ‘ »“ µ√å µâ π√— µπ‚° ‘ π∑√å : »÷ °…“°√≥’ ¡‡¥Á ®æ√–æ’Ë π“߇∏Õ∑—È ß Õß„πæ√–∫“∑ ¡‡¥Á ®æ√–æÿ ∑∏¬Õ¥øÑ “®ÿ Ó‚≈°¡À“ √“™é. °√–®°À°¥â “𩓬ª√–«— µ‘ »“ µ√å , ÚıÙı. ÿ ‡πµ√ ™ÿ µ‘ π∑√“ππ∑å . ç≈‘ ≈‘ µ‚Õß°“√·™à ßπÈ ” ·≈–æ√–√“™æ‘ ∏’ ∂◊ ÕπÈ ”æ‘ æ— ≤πå — µ¬“é. «“√ “√∏√√¡»“ µ√å . ªï ∑’Ë ˘ ‡≈à ¡∑’Ë Ò. °√°Æ“§¡-°— 𬓬π ÚıÚÚ. ÿ ‡¡∏ ™ÿ ¡ “¬ ≥ Õ¬ÿ ∏¬“. ç«— ß∑à “æ√– °√¡™à “ß ‘ ªªá À¡Ÿà ·≈–‡√◊Ë Õßæ‘ ¥“√Õ◊Ë π Êé. «“√ “√ ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬»‘ ≈ª“°√ ©∫— ∫æ‘ ‡»… °√ÿ ß √— µπ‚° ‘ π∑√å Ú ªï , ÚıÚı. Wyatt, David K. çFamily Politics in Seven- teenth and Eighteenth Century Thailandé. Modern Thai Politics. U.S.A.: Schenk- man Publishing, 1979. «‘ ∑¬“π‘ æπ∏å ®ÿ Ó√— µπå ™Ÿ ®‘ µ“√¡¬å . çæ√–¡À“°…— µ√‘ ¬å °— ∫°“√ „™â §«“¡ — ¡æ— π∏å ∑“߇§√◊ Õ≠“µ‘ „π°“√ ‡¡◊ Õß°“√ª°§√Õß æ.». ÚÛÚı-ÚÛ˘Ùé. «‘ ∑¬“π‘ æπ∏å ª√‘ ≠≠“‚∑ ¿“§«‘ ™“ª√–«— µ‘ - »“ µ√å ∫— ≥±‘ µ«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬ ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬ »‘ ≈ª“°√, ÚıÚ¯. µ«ß∑Õß ‡À≈à “«√√∏π–°Ÿ ≈. 纟â À≠‘ ß “¡— ≠™π „π‡¡◊ Õß·∂∫≈ÿà ¡·¡à πÈ ”‡®â “æ√–¬“ ¡— ¬ √— ™°“≈∑’Ë Û-ıé. «‘ ∑¬“π‘ æπ∏å »‘ ≈ª»“ µ√ ¡À“∫— ≥±‘ µ “¢“«‘ ™“ª√–«— µ‘ »“ µ√å ¡À“ «‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬‡™’ ¬ß„À¡à , ÚıÛ˘. ªî ¬π“∂ π‘ ‚§√∏“. ç∫∑∫“∑¢Õ߇ π“∫¥’ ·Àà ß µ√–°Ÿ ≈∫ÿ π𓧄π°“√ª°§√Õߪ√–‡∑» ¬“¡ µ—È ß·µà √— ™°“≈∑’Ë Ò ∂÷ ßµâ π√— ™°“≈ ∑’Ë ıé. «‘ ∑¬“π‘ æπ∏å Õ— °…√»“ µ√¡À“ ∫— ≥±‘ µ ¿“§«‘ ™“ª√–«— µ‘ »“ µ√å ∫— ≥±‘ µ «‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬ ®ÿ Ó≈ß°√≥å ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬, ÚıÒÛ. ÿ °— ≠≠“ ∫”√ÿ ß ÿ ¢. çÕ”π“® Àπâ “∑’Ë ·≈–∫∑ ∫“∑¢Õß ¡ÿ Àæ√–°≈“‚À¡„π ¡— ¬√— µπ- ‚° ‘ π∑√å é. «‘ ∑¬“π‘ æπ∏å Õ— °…√»“ µ√ ¡À“∫— ≥±‘ µ ¿“§«‘ ™“ª√–«— µ‘ »“ µ√å ∫— ≥±‘ µ«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬ ®ÿ Ó≈ß°√≥å ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬, ÚıÚı. Abstract The Royal Power and the Power in the Early Bangkok Maliwan Tangkaewfa Associate Professor of History, Department of History, Faculty of Arts, Silpakorn University During the early Bangkok period, kings, royal members and noblemen used relationships interrelated by marriage under the patron-client system to promote their political and economic power. The throne was unstable. However, the king was the foremost patron, retaining royal right to confer positions, ranks and benefits as rewards to royal supporters and able administration. Political power was, therefore, not centralized but spreaded out to the different political groups and therefore creating the balance of power among themselves. The wealth made the royal members and the noblemen gain more of power and watch out each other, especially at about the beginning of the new reign. Key words : royal power, power, royal members, noblemen, early Bangkok period