สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

«“√ “√ √“™∫— ≥±‘ µ¬ ∂“π ªï ∑’Ë ÛÒ ©∫— ∫∑’Ë Ú ‡¡.¬.-¡‘ .¬. ÚıÙ˘ Somchai Durongdej 461 trations, The Metropolitan City Municipality and Sanitation Ad- ministration into the “Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA)”. In 1975, the National Executive Council Order Number 335 was superseded by the Bang- kok Metropolitan Administration Act 1975. In December 1981, The Bangkok Metropolitan Adminis- tration Act 1975 was amended. The amendment stipulated that Governor and Deputy Governors of the BMA should be appointed by the Minister of Interior until the new Act of the BMA came into effect. On the 31 st of August 1985, the newAct of the BMAcame into effect. According to the Act, the Governor is elected by popular vote and four Deputy Governors are appointed by the Governor for a four-year term. The Bang- kok Metropolitan Assembly com- prises elected members. The number of Assemblymen depends on the population of the Bangkok Metropolis (Krungthep Maha- nakhon). One Assemblyman represents every one hundred thousand people. Currently, there are 60 assemblymen. At the district level, district councilor at least 7 persons each district, are also elected. Both has a four-year term. Bangkok is located on low- flat plain of Chao Phaya River, at latitude 13˚ 45' north and longitude Bangkok Metropolis, the capital of Thailand, is located on lowflat plain of Chao Phraya River extended to the Gulf of Thailand, at latitude 13˚ 45' North, and longitude 100˚ 28' East, it is a tropical land, high in temperature and rather humi- dity. The climate is dominated by monsoon. There are three main seasons; rainy (May-October), cool (November-January) and hot (February-April). • Area : 1562.2 square kilometers. • Economic activities (major) : Center of commercial, industrial of country. • Total urban population (last year) : 5,680,380 persons • Growth rate of urban population (2000) : 0.39 % • Population density : 3,621 persons per square kilometer • Percent population living in informal settlements : 4.92 % • Percent population with adequate access to drinking water 100 % • Liters of water consumed per capita 250-350 Liter/person/day • Percent population with adequate access to basic sanitation : 100 % • Percent wastewater treated (approximate) 12.23 • Percentage of solid waste collected 86.43 % • Number of good air quality days per year as reported by pollution standard index. Varied quite extensively depending on the location and the average was not available (156-238 days) • Percentage of households using coal, wood or kerosene as the main source of cooking. None of them been used • Infant mortality rate (1999) 41.38/1000 live birth • Number of physicians per thousand population 1 : 720 persons • Death rate due to road accidents : 1.6 % • Diarrhea mortality rate in children under five years of age 0 % • Percentage of active labor force that is currently unemployed : 19.23 % • Adult literacy rate : 95.08 % • Percent population voting in odd year (local) in municipal elections : 34.92 % • Violent crimes per thousand population : 7.29/1000