สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand æ√–∫“∑ ¡‡¥Á ®æ√–‡®â “Õ¬Ÿà À— « À√— ∞Õ‡¡√‘ °“°— ∫ ߧ√“¡‚≈°§√—È ß∑’Ë Ò (æ.». ÚÙı˜-ÚÙˆÒ) 760 Vol. 31 No. 3 Jul.-Sep. 2006 ¥â «¬¢â Õ ß«π ÒÙ ¢â Õ ´÷Ë ß√«¡∂÷ ߢâ Õ ¬°‡«â π∑’Ë À√— ∞Õ‡¡√‘ °“®–‰¡à „Àâ §” ¡—Ë π — ≠≠“„π¡“µ√“∑’Ë Ò ¢Õß π∏‘ — ≠≠“ ·≈–°“√∑’Ë √— ∞ ¿“¡’ Õ”π“®∑’Ë ®–π” À√— ∞Õ‡¡√‘ °“ÕÕ°®“°°“√‡ªì π ¡“™‘ ° — ππ‘ ∫“µ™“µ‘ ‰¥â ·µà °≈ÿà ¡«ÿ ≤‘ ¡“™‘ °∑’Ë π— ∫ πÿ π«‘ ≈ — π·≈–°≈ÿà ¡ ∑’Ë ç‰¡à ¬Õ¡ª√ÕߥÕßé ¬— ߧ߬◊ π¬— π∑’Ë ®–‰¡à ‡ª≈’Ë ¬π·ª≈߇ß◊Ë Õπ‰¢¢Õß°µ‘ °“ — ≠≠“ — ππ‘ ∫“µ™“µ‘ ·¡â ·µà ‡æ’ ¬ß¢â Õ ‡¥’ ¬« ΩÉ “¬¢Õߪ√–∏“π“∏‘ ∫¥’ «‘ ≈ — π ®÷ ßæ≈“¥‚Õ°“ ∑’Ë ®–∑”„Àâ π∏‘ — ≠≠“ ·«√å ´“¬ºà “𧫓¡‡ÀÁ π™Õ∫®“°«ÿ ≤‘ ¿“¥â «¬§–·ππ‡ ’ ¬ß Ú „π Û π∏‘ — ≠≠“©∫— ∫π’È ‰¥â √— ∫°“√≈ߧ–·ππ ‡ ’ ¬ßÕ’ °‡ªì π§√—È ß ÿ ¥∑â “¬‡¡◊Ë Õ«— π∑’Ë Ò˘ ¡’ π“§¡ §.». Ò˘Ú ‚¥¬‰¥â √— ∫‡ ’ ¬ß π— ∫ πÿ π®“°«ÿ ≤‘ ¡“™‘ ° Ù˘ ‡ ’ ¬ß ‰¡à ‡ÀÁ π¥â «¬ Ûı ‡ ’ ¬ß ´÷Ë ßπâ Õ¬°«à “ Ú „π Û ‰ª ˜ ‡ ’ ¬ß ¥— ßπ—È π π∏‘ — ≠≠“·«√å ´“¬®÷ ß ‰¡à ‰¥â √— ∫ — µ¬“∫— π®“°«ÿ ≤‘ ¿“ ∑”„Àâ À√— ∞Õ‡¡√‘ °“‰¡à ‰¥â ‡ªì π ¡“™‘ ° — π- π‘ ∫“µ™“µ‘ ´÷Ë ß¡’ à «π∑”„Àâ Õß§å °“√ — ππ‘ ∫“µ™“µ‘ Õà Õπ·Õ®π‰¡à “¡“√∂ ·°â ‰¢ªí ≠À“§«“¡¢— ¥·¬â ß√–À«à “ß ª√–‡∑»Õ— π𔉪 Ÿà ߧ√“¡‚≈°§√—È ß ∑’Ë Ú „π‡«≈“‡æ’ ¬ß Ú ªï µà Õ¡“ °“√ ªØ‘ ‡ ∏‰¡à ¬Õ¡√— ∫‡ß◊Ë Õπ‰¢°“√‡ª≈’Ë ¬π ·ª≈ß„¥ Ê ‡ªì 𠓇Àµÿ æ◊È π∞“𠔧— ≠ ∑’Ë ∑”„Àâ π∏‘ — ≠≠“·«√å ´“¬‰¡à ºà “π «ÿ ≤‘ ¿“ ‡√◊Ë Õßπ’È · ¥ß„Àâ ‡ÀÁ π«à “ª√–- ∏“π“∏‘ ∫¥’ «‘ ≈ — πµâ Õß°“√∑”„Àâ ‚≈° ¡’ — 𵑠¿“æ∂“«√‚¥¬‰¡à ¡’ ¢â Õ·¡â „¥ Ê ¥— ß∫— π∑÷ °¢Õ߇¢“∑’Ë «à “ çWe must take it... or leave it... If there is any doubt as to what the people of the country think on this vital matter, the clear and single way out is to... give the next election the form of a great and solemn referendum.é Abstract The United States and World War I (1914-1918) Supatra N. Wannapin Editoral Board of the Royal Institute in World History Encyclopaedia Editoral Committee: The United States; Associate Professor, Faculty of Social Scienc, Kasetsart University World War I (1914-1918) or the Great War which involving many countries was caused by the growth of nationalism and imperialism among European powers. The alliances were formed between those powers : the Central Powers consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey and the Allied Powers or the Allies consisted of France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States. The entrance to World War I of the U.S. in 1917 which was caused by unrestricted submarine warfare of Germany eventually gave way to the Allies’ victory in 1918. Woodrow Wilson, the President of the U.S. put forth his Fourteen Points, an idea- listic peace plan hoping to settle future problems peacefully, including the League of Nations within the Treaty of Versailles which was rejected by the U.S. Senate. The absence of the U.S. greatly weakened the authority of the League of Nations and was one of the causes of World War II. Key words : The United States, Woodrow Wilson, World War I, League of Nations