สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand Romanization, Transliteration, and Transcription for the Globalization of the Thai Language 836 Vol. 31 No. 3 Jul.-Sep. 2006 concept of the Precise System is almost identical with that of the transliteration system. 2.4.3 The Second Royal Institute System (1968) The Royal Thai Govern- ment has adopted the General System for use in transcribing geo- graphical names within Thailand. The General System was chosen for Romanizing geographical names on maps and in other places because it is more practical carto- graphically and typographically. In order to avoid the confusion between diacritical marks of geo- graphic names with other map symbols, the system was modified in 1968. All diacritical markings are omitted in accordance with the recommendation of the United Nations Committee of Experts on Geographical Names for the world standardization of geographic names. VOWELS Transliteration Thai Vowels 2 Illustrations a -– -— -“ - ( –æ“π SAPHAN ) (≈— 𵓠LANTA ) (∫“ß BANG ) ( ¡ÿ ∑√ SAMUT ) am -” (≈” LAM ) i -‘ -’ ( ‘ ßÀå SING ) (∫ÿ √’ BURI ) u -÷ -◊ -◊ Õ ( µ÷ ° SATUK ) (æ◊ ™ PHUT ) (∫√∫◊ Õ BORABU ) -ÿ -Ÿ (∫ÿ √’ BURI ), (¿Ÿ PHU ) e ‡-– ‡-Á ‡- (ª–π“‡√– PANARE ) (‡æÁ ≠ PHEN ) (‡¢π KHEN ) ae ·-– ·- (·´– SAE ), ( –·° SAKE ) o ‚-– ‚- ‡-“– -Õ (æ–‚µä – PHATO ) (≈æ LOP ) ( “¡‚°â SAMKO ) (‡°“– KO ), (∫à Õ BO ) oe ‡-Õ– ‡-Õ ‡-‘ (‡´Õ– SOE ) (Õ”‡¿Õ AMPHOE ), (‡π‘ π NOEN ) 2 The position of the consonant bearing the vowel is indicated by the hyphen; the position of the associated vowel–following, preceding, above, below–is also shown.