สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand √–∫∫∑ÿ ππ‘ ¬¡¿“¬„µâ √–∫Õ∫ª√–™“∏‘ ª‰µ¬·∫∫‰∑¬ Thailandûs Energy Conservation Program and the Role of New & Renewable Energy in Energy Conservation Vol. 32 No. 1 Jan.-Mar. 2007 132 mini-hydro. In addition, Thailand is seeking cooperation on hydro- power development with neigh- boring countries, e.g. Laos, Myan- mar, China and Cambodia. To encourage renewable energy utilization as fuel for power generation, the Ministry of Energy has devised the following suppor- tive measures: • The Renewable Port- folio Standard (RPS) 4 measure- through this measure, it is expected that 140 MW generated by renew- able energy will be supplied into the grid by 2011. The contribution by different types of renewable energy comprises hydro 75 MW, biomass 25 MW, municiple solid waste 20 MW, wind 10 MW and solar energy 10 MW. • The improvement of the power purchase regulations and the introduction of “Feed-in Tariff” - attractive power purchas- ing prices will be established to encourage investment in renewable energy-fuel generation, for exam- ple, the rate of invested capital (ROIC) of no less than 11% and the payback period within 10 years; and The fiscal and financial incentives, for example, tax privi- leges, soft loans, investment pro- motion through the BOI channel, measures on externality (social and environmental) costs and on car- bon tax. 7. Conclusion At present, the private sector has realized the benefits from en- ergy efficiency improvement and the use of new& renewable energy. Especially, the financial assistance provided by the government ENCON Fund has induced more private investment in these fields. To facilitate energy efficiency improvement, the Thai government has promoted the ESCO company services especially in large facto- ries and buildings where energy efficiency improvement is man- dated by law. Several financial measures have been devised to boost investment in energy effi- ciency improvement. Major mea- sures are: the provision of soft loans, which has brought about greater participation of bankers/ financiers in the implementation; tax incentives; and energy effi- ciency investment promotion measures via the Board of Invest- ment (BOI). Several manufactur- ers of electrical equipment/appli- ances have given good cooperation in terms of improving their pro- ducts to be more energy efficient. For new & renewable energy project development, the private sector has taken part in the imple- mentation of a number of projects, such as the implementation of biogas technology for power gen- eration in livestock farms and for wastewater treatment in agro- industry factories, which has gained wide acceptance nation- wide. Academics and industries have taken part in terms of, among others, research and development of new & renewable energy tech- nologies, such as solar cells that are appropriate for the tropical climate, fuel cell development and wind resource assessment in Thailand. With the government policy determining to reduce energy de- mand and dependency on energy imports through various strategies and measures, together with the cooperation of the private sector and the growing energy-saving consciousness of the general pub- lic, it is hoped that the national en- ergy security will be streng- thened and hence sustainable de- velopment of the country and the well-being of the people. 4 The mandatory requirement for new power plants that 5% of their energy generation must be generated by renewable energy.