สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand √–∫∫∑ÿ ππ‘ ¬¡¿“¬„µâ √–∫Õ∫ª√–™“∏‘ ª‰µ¬·∫∫‰∑¬ Thailandûs Energy Conservation Program and the Role of New & Renewable Energy in Energy Conservation Vol. 32 No. 1 Jan.-Mar. 2007 128 total consumption of commercial primary energy of the country. Oil consumption of this sector is about 700 million litres/year, or about 3.5% of the total oil demand of the country. These shares are very small when compared with the consumption in the industrial or transportation sectors. Therefore, one may question why the go- vernment sector has to reduce energy consumption. The underlying reason is that the government agencies, dealing closely with the people, have to be good examples for the general public. Besides, millions of the government personnel are already acting as leaders, both in their families and in their offices; therefore, what they do will be watched with interest by the public. Particularly, given the oil price crises in the country, the go- vernment agencies should take the lead role in reducing energy consumption, both electricity and oil. “10-15%Target” - Energy Saving Requirement Since May 2005, the govern- ment has set a target for govern- ment agencies and state enterprises to reduce energy consumption by 10-15% from the base year 2003. In addition, the energy saving implementation will be considered as a Key Performance Index (KPI) of each agency, starting in the fiscal year 2006. In order to enhance effective energy-saving implementation to reach the target set, the Ministry of Energy, via the Energy Policy and Planning Office (EPPO), has introduced the following measures: 1) Disseminate the stated energy-saving policy to the execu- tives of all government agencies nationwide to ensure correct and common understanding of the government objective. 2) Build up capacity of the personnel in individual agencies to enable efficient implementation of energy-saving measures, by or- ganizing workshops and training by energy experts so that partici- pants could learn and exchange energy saving methods that could be applied to their respective offices. 3) Develop the e-report via the internet to manage energy con- sumption data in the govern- ment sector. Each agency has a password and can send in the energy-saving report via the inter- net. The information of success- ful cases can be shared with other agencies to stimulate their active implementation on energy saving. 5. Energy Conservation Meas- ures: Private Sector Energy conservation measures in the private sector are focused on three key economic sectors, i.e. transportation, industrial and residential sectors, which account for a share of 37%, 36% and 21% of energy consumption of the country respectively. 5.1 Energy Conservation Measures in the Transportation Sector In the transportation sector, the target is to reduce 25% of oil consumption by 2009. Ma- jor implementation measures include the following : 1) Promotion of new/ alternative transport fuels , to reduce oil consumption by 15% by 2008. The use of gasohol, biodiesel and natural gas for vehi- cles (NGV) will be promoted, with the following targets: • Gasohol: to increase the use of gasohol to 8 million litres/day within 2006 and to re- place octane 95 gasoline with gasohol 95 nationwide as from 1 January 2007. • Biodiesel: to increase the use of biodiesel to 5.2 million litres/day in 2006 and to 8.5 mil- lion litres/day by 2012. • NGV: to speed up the expansion of NGV stations from 60 now to 180 stations in 2006 and to replace 10% of gasoline and diesel consumption by NGV by December 2008, and to increase the number of NGV-fueled vehi- cles to 500,000 by 2010 together with the expansion of NGV serv- ice stations to 740 stations. 2) Improvement of the Transport System Efficiency, to reduce oil consumption by 10%, via: • Promotion of the use of rail and waterway transport modes instead of the transporta-