สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

«“√ “√ √“™∫— ≥±‘ µ¬ ∂“π Chavalit Pichalai 127 ªï ∑’Ë ÛÚ ©∫— ∫∑’Ë Ò ¡.§.-¡’ .§. Úıı productive energy use can be reduced by 12.7%, or 10,354 ktoe. 3) Strategic Management Program , involving the work on policy research & study, e.g. the study on fuel options and energy market restructuring, aiming to provide recommendations or situation overviews, for the review and improvement of the first two Programs to correspond with the changing situations. This Program also involves the monitoring and management of the ENCON Program implementation to en- sure that the respective targets can be effectively achieved. 3. Implementation of Energy Conservation Measures in Thai- land 3.1 The Past Achievements of Energy Conservation Mea- sures during the Fiscal Period 2003-2005 can be summarized as follows: 1) In the transporta- tion sector , energy consumption was reduced by 6%, or 8.5 million barrels of oil equivalent, account- ing for a saving of 17 billion baht. Key factors were: • Continuous energy saving campaigns, amidst the oil price hikes, resulting in oil con- sumption reduction by about 6 million litres/day. • The use of two new public transport systems, i.e. sky- trains and subways, accounting for the transportation of 600,000 passengers/day. 2) In the industrial sector , energy consumption was reduced by 4%, or 5 million bar- rels of oil equivalent, accounting for a saving of 13 billion baht. Key factors were: • The private sector participation in energy conserva- tion. • Provision of govern- ment revolving funds and soft loans. • Tax incentives. 3) In the government/ residential sectors , electricity consumption was reduced by 3.5%, or 2.3 million barrels of oil equivalent, accounting for a saving of 4.6 billion baht. Key factors were: • Continuous energy saving campaigns, particularly on electricity saving in the house- holds & offices and on the encour- agement of community energy management. 4) Increased use of new & renewable energy , accounting for a saving of 14.1 million barrels of oil equivalent, worth 28.2 bil- lion baht. Key factors included: • The use of renewa- ble energy, especially biomass, reducing 3% of fuel oil and elec- tricity consumption. • The use of natural gas for vehicles (NGV) and gasohol, replacing 0.7% of oil consumption. 3.2 Acceleration of Energy Conservation Measures to Re- spond to the Oil Price Hikes Since the crude oil prices in the world market had continuou- sly increased and in order to reduce the country’s dependency on oil imports, on 17 May 2005 the government approved the strate- gies to solve energy problems of the country, setting higher targets of the overall energy demand reduction. And recently, on 25 April 2006, the government reiterated the necessity to intensify energy conservation measures as crude oil prices had sharply increased by about US$ 10/barrel, and exrefinery diesel price had reached US$ 88/barrel, which was then a record high. The imple- mentation can be divided into the following economic sectors: 1) The Transportation Sector: to reduce oil consumption by 25% by 2009. 2) The Industrial Sector: to reduce energy consumption by 20% by 2008. 3) The Household Sector: to reduce energy consumption by 10%, with the Kick-Off of continuous energy saving cam- paigns nationwide on 1 June 2005. 4) The Government Sec- tor: to reduce energy consump- tion by 10-15%, with immediate effect. 4. Energy Conservation Meas- ures : Government Sector According to the past records, electricity consumption of the government sector is about 5.4 GW/year, or about 0.2% of the