สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand √–∫∫∑ÿ ππ‘ ¬¡¿“¬„µâ √–∫Õ∫ª√–™“∏‘ ª‰µ¬·∫∫‰∑¬ Thailandûs Energy Conservation Program and the Role of New & Renewable Energy in Energy Conservation Vol. 32 No. 1 Jan.-Mar. 2007 126 tial includes the reduction of energy demand by 883 MW, replacing electric power at 5,447 GWh and fuel use at 430 million litres of crude oil per year, account- ing for a saving of 20.89 billion baht (about US$ 522 million 1 ) per year. The ENCON Program, Phase 3 (2005-2011), is now being implemented, with a target to in- crease energy efficiency by reduc- ing the national energy elasticity from 1.4:1 to 1:1 by the year 2007 and to increase the share of renew- able energy in the total energy mix from 0.5% in 2002 to 8% by 2011. The expected out come at the end of this phase is to reduce commer- cial energy use by 12.7% or 10,354 thousand tons of crude oil equiva- lent (ktoe) and to increase the share of alternative/renewable energy to 9.2% of the total final energy consumption, replacing about 7,530 ktoe of commercial energy demand. In developing the framework for the ENCON Program, Phase 3, the overall potential workload in the next 3-7 years has been pro- jected. With the characteristic of a “rolling plan,” the programs/ projects under the ENCON Pro- gramwill be reviewed and adjusted each year in order to correspond with changing influential factors, such as new energy policies/strat- egies determined by the govern- ment, and changing domestic and global energy situations. The ENCON Program, Phase 3, comprises the following three main sub-programs: 1) Renewable Energy Deve- lopment Program , targeting to increase the use of renewable energy and alternative energy by 9.2% by 2011. Emphasis is placed on biofuel development, especially gasohol and biodiesel to be alter- native fuels in the transportation sector; promotion of renewable energy utilization for power gen- eration; policy study and R&D on renewable energy of which Thai- land has high potential, such as solar, micro-hydropower and biomass energy; and human re- sources development in the field of renewable energy. 2) Energy Efficiency Im- provement Program , aiming to improve and promote energy efficiency in the transportation, industrial and residential sectors. By 2011, it is expected that non- from the contributions collected from domestically sold petroleum products, i.e. gasoline, diesel, kero- sene and fuel oil. Since October 1998, the contribution has been at a rate of 0.04 Baht/litre. 2. Thailand’s Energy Conser- vation Program Thailand’s Energy Conserva- tion Program (ENCON Program) has been developed to ensure that the management and allocation of the ENCON Fund is in line with the objectives stipulated in the 1992Act and to serve as the frame- work for concerned parties in car- rying out their activities that will contribute to efficient use of en- ergy, which will help reduce energy import from foreign sources. The implementation under the ENCON Program, Phase 1 (1995- 1999) and Phase 2 (2000-2004) has been completed. From the overall implementation, the ex- pected energy conservation poten- 1 1 US$ = ~40 baht