สำนักราชบัณฑิตยสภา

263 วิ จิ นตน์ ภาณุพงศ์ วารสารราชบัณฑิตยสถาน ปีที่ ๓๗ ฉบับที่ ๒ เม.ย.-มิ.ย. ๒๕๕๕ Abstract Thai Phonetic Alphabet Pā ḷ i Vichin Panupong Associate Fellow of the Academy of Arts, The Royal Institute, Thailand During the reignof KingChulachomklao, RamaV, therewas a transliterationof the Pāḷi Tipiṭaka from theKhomscript to the Siam-script for the first time ever. The Roman letter equivalents were also given in comparison with their Siam-script counterparts that were used as prototypical letters. This article analyzes the orthography employed in the printing of the Pāḷi language in Siam-script in King Chulachomklao’s Tipiṭaka B.E. 2436 (C.E. 1893), and concludes that the presentation was by the use of a phonetic alphabet, which might be called “Siamese Phonetic Alphabet for Pāḷi”. In addition, when a table of Pāḷi consonant sounds is compiled showing their places and manners of articulation, on the basis of the oriental Saddanīti principles vis-à-vis Western phonetic principles, it is possible to come up with an International Phonetic Alphabet for Pāḷi to transcribe the Pāḷi Tipiṭaka in Roman-script in comparison with the Pāḷi Tipiṭaka in Siam-script. On the aforementioned basis, this article further develops the Siamese Phonetic Alphabet for Pāḷi into the Thai Phonetic Alphabet for Pāli for transcribing the Pāḷi language in present-day Thai script. This is for the benefit of transcribing chants taken from the Pāḷi Tipiṭaka so that the pronunciation thereof will be as accurate as, or closest to, the pronunciation of Pāḷi as traditionally handed down for over two thousand years. Keywords: Pāḷibhāsā, Saddanīti, phonetics, SiamPhoneticAlphabet Pāḷi, International Phonetic Alphabet for Pāḷi, Thai Phonetic Alphabet Pāḷi