59-05-032 Proceeding

114 Proceedings of the Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Congress of Khmer literature and found that the benedictory verses have three objectives: to pray to the Three Jewels (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha), to tell the date of composition, and to tell the title and aims of the work. [2] Prateep Watiktinkorn gave a guideline for composition of Thai poem that a kind of chan (Satthunlawikkilita, or Śārdūlavikrīḍita in Sanskrit, or saddulavikkilita in Pali) is appropriate for the benediction, glorification, and grace, sacred, or respectful contents. He also suggested that Lilit always begins the benediction in Rai form. [7] In this context, he called Bot Waikru or a passage for paying respect to the teacher. For all Sanskrit drama, the benediction or nāndī, are necessary. Before the play begins, a benedictory verse is recited. It prays to the deity for the removal of all the impediments that may arise during the performance of the play. The extent of the benediction was varied among the early Hindu scholars. [8] Anong Nagaswasdi [9] has studied nāndī in Sanskrit drama, and defined that it is a benediction or salutation and glorification of the gods. It is chanted as a part of the prologue of the play. One of its aims is to ward off obstacles in the performance.The beauty of the composition is gained through the choice of the meters and the employment of various embellishments. Though there are many studies on a benediction in Sanskrit or Thai texts, the study has rarely been conducted on relation between the both. III. Findings The benediction inThai works are composed in various kinds of verses, including Khlong, Chan (corresponding to Chanda in Sanskrit), Rai, and Klon. While Sanskrit benediction are composed in various kinds of Chanda. In Ongkan Chaeng Nam (Oath of Allegiance), one of the first works of the period, has its benediction with Rai form in three stanzas, each consists of 9 – 17 sets of words. Khlong Thawa Thorsamat, a poem on the twelve months, has 5 stanzas of Khlong (written in 20 lines of 2 sets of words). Khlong Nirat Nakhonsawan [10] has 15 sets of words in one stanza of Rai as benediction. While Lilit Yuan Phai, composed in the form of Rai and Khlong, has a pretty length of the benediction written in Rai, totaling 60 sets or words in one stanza. Lilit Phra Lo, a tragic romantic story, composed with Lilit form, has only 24 sets of words in one stanza of Rai. InChindamani, a textbook ofThai Language, the benediction is composed in one stanza of Rai, totaling 19 sets of words. SueakhoKhamchan, a past birth of the Buddha, written inKhamchan form (called Vasantadilok), has 9 stanzas of benediction. In Samutthrakhot Khamchan, its benediction is composed inChabang formof 11 stanzas, each has a triple set of words. In Bunnovat Khamchan, its benediction is consisted of 13 stanzas (called Vasantadilok), which is fairly long. In Sanskrit benediction, all verses are chanda, comprised of hard or soft syllables, depending on the kinds of chanda.The length of benediction are varied.TheMahābhārata has only one stanzas of chanda for the benediction in the Adi Parva (Book I), so as in Āryabhaṭīya by Āryabhaṭa (Books of Astronomy), andLīlāvatī of Bhāskarācārya (ATreatise ofMathematics of Vedic Tradition).While