59-05-032 Proceeding

93 Proceedings of the Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Congress 2. Interdisciplinary Agriculture for Energy Agriculture for energy in particular or co-product will be increasing more and more In part of direct energy production such as planting palm oil tree for biodiesel production or planting fast-growing tree for making a wood chips supplied to biomass power plant or biogas energy coming from agricultural waste or animal manure from livestock and industrial waste for example tapioca starch wastewater for use in power generation, it seems that most of factories should have their own biogas system operating with an additional investment and more benefits returning from investment. It’s not included in this article. Agriculture for energy can be separated into two main factors as following:- 2.1 Agricultural yields are used to combust for producing energy directly. For example, fast growing plants or wood chips are both utilized for spinning the wind turbines to produce mechanical or electrical power. Currently, there are many types of power plants, however, most of them use rice husk left from rice milling or straw as a main materials in the production process, however, the supply is still not enough tomeet the public demand of electricity in future, therefore, cropping to produce wood chips will be rising up due to the increase of electricity requirement. 2.2 Agricultural production or waste has been used for biogas production and become a renewable important energy source. For example, plant-derived materials are used to produce bio-fuel through the process of pyrolysis. Currently, there is a pilot plant in Thailand which is established for feasibility studies of bio-fuel production and use as a fuel formachinery and vehicles. 2.3 Use of waste from agricultural production and biotechnology for fermentation and biogas production and energy generation. For example, Most of pig farms could currently produce biogas to generate energy for their own use and if they’re some left-over, they are able to supply and sell to Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand respectively. 3. InterdisciplinaryAgriculture of Social Responsibility andCommercialization Future agriculture will be become a commercial agricultural production even more. For farmers with less land, the production is focused on product quality as desired or integration of agricultural conversion by sharing benefits as per their land size. This coalitions will be reduced a cost of agricultural production as per the principle of economics (According to the principle of economics, Economy of scales means that the greater the quantity of a goods produced, the lower the per-unit fixed cost because their costs are shared over a large number of goods). The integration must be designed to achieve a worthwhile investment, therefore, the integrationmay be in the form of “Company” or “Cooperative”. Any commercial must be taken into account on the feasibility of investment and revenue. If revenue is less than a cost, some activities might not be occurred.