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The Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand Vol. 33 No. 2 Apr.-Jun. 2008 128 §”‡√’ ¬°º’ ¥’ º’ √â “¬ æ√“¬ ‡ªì 𧔉∑¬‡Õß ¡‘ ‰¥â ¬◊ ¡®“° ¿“…“‡¢¡√ À√◊ Õ∂â “¬◊ ¡®“°¿“…“‡¢¡√ °Á µâ Õ߬◊ ¡¡“π“π·≈â « ‡æ√“–§”π’È ¡’ „™â „π¿“…“‰∑À≈“¬∂‘Ë π à «π§«“¡À¡“¬ ¢Õߧ”«à “ º’ æ√“¬ √ÿ ª·πà πÕπ‰¥â ¬“° ‡æ√“–§«“¡‡™◊Ë Õ‡°’Ë ¬«°— ∫º’ æ√“¬¢Õß §π‰∑∂‘Ë πµà “ßÊ ‰¡à Ÿâ ®–µ√ß°— π ·µà °Á Õ“®µ—È ß¢â Õ — ߇°µ‰¥â «à “ §π‰∑À≈“¬∂‘Ë π „™â §”«à “ º’ æ√“¬ ‡√’ ¬°·¡à ∑’Ë µ“¬‚¥¬¡’ ≈Ÿ °Õ¬Ÿà „π§√√¿å À√◊ Õ‡æ‘Ë ß§≈Õ¥ ∂â “≈Ÿ ° ‰¡à ‰¥â µ“¬‰ªæ√â Õ¡°— ∫·¡à °Á Õ“®®–¡“ ‡Õ“™’ «‘ µ¢Õß≈Ÿ °‰ª‰¥â ¿“¬À≈— ß º’ æ√“¬ ®— ¥‰¥â «à “‡ªì πº’ √â “¬ ‡ªì πº’ æ«°∑’Ë Ù µ“¡ ∑’Ë »“ µ√“®“√¬å æ√–¬“Õπÿ ¡“π√“™∏π °≈à “«‰«â µà “ß°— ∫º’ æ«°Õ◊Ë πÊ ∑’Ë °≈à “«¡“ ·≈â « ´÷Ë ß‡ªì πº’ ¥’ ∫√√≥“πÿ °√¡ ‡®’ ¬ ·¬π®Õß. ç§π‰∑é ‰¡à „™à ç§π‰∑¬é ·µà ‡ªì 𠇧√◊ Õ≠“µ‘ ™“µ‘ ¿“…“. °√ÿ ߇∑æœ: ¡µ‘ ™π, ÚıÙ¯. π««√√≥ æ— π∏ÿ ‡¡∏“, √ÿà ßÕ√ÿ ≥ ∑’ ¶™ÿ ≥À‡∂’ ¬√, µ“«‡™‘ ßÀ«“, ÀŸ ‡À¬à Ω“ß. √“¬ß“π°“√«‘ ®— ¬‡√◊Ë Õß ç°“√»÷ °…“«‘ ‡§√“–Àå §”»— æ∑å ¿“…“‰∑‡Àπ◊ Õé. ‡Õ° “√∂à “¬ ”‡π“, ÚıÙ. π««√√≥ æ— π∏ÿ ‡¡∏“, À«à “ß ‡À≈◊ Õß, ‡∑æ’ ®√— ®√ÿ ߇°’ ¬√µ‘ . √“¬ß“π°“√«‘ ®— ¬ ‡√◊Ë Õß ç§”‰∑ ‡¡◊ Õ߇µ‘Í °é. ‡Õ° “√∂à “¬ ”‡π“, ÚıÙÒ. ∫√√®∫ æ— π∏ÿ ‡¡∏“. æ®π“πÿ °√¡æà “‡°à -‰∑¬- Õ— ß°ƒ…. ‡Õ° “√Õ— ¥ ”‡π“, ÚıÛ. _____________, æ®π“πÿ °√¡Õà “¬µÕπ-‰∑¬- Õ— ß°ƒ…. (©∫— ∫√à “ß). _____________, çÕ— π‡π◊Ë Õߥ⠫¬«— ≤π∏√√¡é „π µ√’ “√ ÚÚ °— 𬓬π ÚıÚ˜-ÚÙ ¡’ π“§¡ ÚıÚ¯. ª√–™ÿ ¡®“√÷ ° ¬“¡ ¿“§∑’Ë Ò ®“√÷ °°√ÿ ß ÿ ‚¢∑— ¬. ∑’Ë √–≈÷ °„π°“√æ√–√“™∑“π‡æ≈‘ ß»æ ‡®â “æ√–¬“¡ÿ ¢¡πµ√’ (Õ«∫ ‡ª“‚√À‘ µ¬å ) ≥ ÿ “πÀ≈«ß «— ¥‡∑滑 √‘ π∑√“«“ «— π∑’Ë Ò °√°Æ“§¡ æ.». ÚÙ˜˜. ª√’ ™“ æ‘ ≥∑Õß. “√“πÿ °√¡¿“…“Õ’ “π-‰∑¬- Õ— ß°ƒ…. Õÿ ∫≈√“™∏“π’ : ‚√ßæ‘ ¡æå »‘ √‘ ∏√√¡, ÚıÛÚ. æ®π“πÿ °√¡‡¢¡√-‰∑¬ ©∫— ∫∑ÿ πæ√–¬“ Õπÿ ¡“π√“™∏π. ı ‡≈à ¡. °√ÿ ߇∑æœ: ®ß‡®√‘ ≠ °“√æ‘ ¡æå , ÚıÒ˜. æ®π“πÿ °√¡¿“§Õ’ “π - ¿“§°≈“ß ©∫— ∫ª≥‘ ∏“π ¡‡¥Á ®æ√–¡À“«’ √«ß»å (µ‘ ⁄ ¡À“‡∂√–). °√ÿ ߇∑æœ: ‰∑¬«— ≤π“æ“π‘ ™, ÚıÒı. æ®π“πÿ °√¡¿“…“∂‘Ë π„µâ ÚıÚı. °√ÿ ߇∑æœ: ∂“∫— π∑— °…‘ ≥§¥’ »÷ °…“ ¡À“«‘ ∑¬“≈— ¬ »√’ π§√‘ π∑√«‘ ‚√≤, ÚıÚı. ¿— ∑∑‘ ¬“ ¬‘ ¡‡√«— µ. ª√–«— µ‘ »“ µ√å ‘ ∫ Õß®ÿ ‰∑ . °√ÿ ߇∑æœ: ”π— °æ‘ ¡æå √â “ß √√§å , ÚıÙÙ. ¬√√¬ß ®‘ √–π§√. 秫“¡‡ªì π¡“„π¬ÿ §µâ π¢Õß ≈◊È Õ:°“√ ◊ ∫§â π®“°√à Õß√Õ¬§”„π¿“…“é. ‡Õ° “√ª√–°Õ∫°“√∫√√¬“¬ ‡¡◊Ë Õ«— π∑’Ë ı-ˆ 惻®‘ °“¬π æ.». ÚıÙ˜. √“™∫— ≥±‘ µ¬ ∂“π. æ®π“πÿ °√¡©∫— ∫√“™- ∫— ≥±‘ µ¬ ∂“π æ.». ÚıÙÚ. °√ÿ ߇∑æœ: π“π¡’ ∫ÿä § å , ÚıÙˆ. »√‘ æ®πå ¿“…“‰∑¬å æ®π“πÿ °√¡‰∑¬-Ω√—Ë ß‡» - Õ— ß°ƒ… ©∫— ∫ Bishop J.L.Vey §.». 1896. °√ÿ ߇∑æœ: §≥–Õπÿ °√√¡°“√™”√–°ÆÀ¡“¬ µ√“ “¡¥«ß ”π— °‡≈¢“∏‘ °“√𓬰√— ∞¡πµ√’ , ÚıÙı. ‡ ∞’ ¬√‚°‡»» [π“¡·Ωß]. ‡√◊Ë Õߺ’ “߇∑«¥“. æ‘ ¡æå ·®°„πß“π¨“ªπ°‘ ®»æπ“߇Œ’ ¬–: ‡ ∞’ ¬√ ‚°‡»» ≥ ‡¡√ÿ «— ¥¡°ÿ Ø°…— µ√‘ ¬“√“¡ «— π∑’Ë Ò æƒ…¿“§¡ æ.». ÚÙ˘ı. Õ— °¢√“¿‘ ∏“π»√— ∫∑å ¢ÕßÀ¡Õª√— ¥‡≈. æ√–π§√: Õß§å °“√§â “¢Õߧÿ √ÿ ¿“, ÚıÒÙ. Õÿ ¥¡ √ÿà ߇√◊ Õß»√’ . æ®π“πÿ °√¡≈â “ππ“-‰∑¬ ©∫— ∫ ·¡à øÑ “À≈«ß. °√ÿ ߇∑æœ: ¡Ÿ ≈π‘ ∏‘ ·¡à øÑ “À≈«ß ·≈–∏𓧓√‰∑¬æ“≥‘ ™¬å ®”°— ¥, ÚıÛÛ. Di ê u Chinh Nhim, Jean Donaldson. Tai- Vietnamese-English Dictionary. Saigon, 1970. Luo Yongxian. A dictionary of Dehong, Southwest China. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, the Australian National University, 1999. Abstract Good Spirits and Bad Spirits Navavan Bandhumedha Associate Fellow of the Academy of Arts, The Royal Institute, Thailand There are two types of spirits : good spirits and bad spirits. This articte touches on four words to call them : Phi Sang, Phi Dam, Phi Suea, and Phi Phrai. The word çsangé in Phi Sang may have derived from the Chinese word çsh é né meaning çsacredé The word çdamé in Phi Dam may mean çfamilyé. Phi Dam mean çfamily spiritsé. The word çsueaé in Phi Suea may have derived from the Chinese word çShe` é. The ancient Chinese Soe guardian was the Deity of the land. The word çphraié in Phi Phrai has similar sound and meaning to the khmer word çphraié, a word used to call a type of spirit. But the word Phi Phrai is probably a Thai word since this word is widely used in many Thai dialects with different meanings. Key words : Good spirits, Bad spirits, Phi Sang, Phi Dam, Phi Suea, Phi Phrai.